Head of Department: Prof. Dr. Emine KOBAN
Deputy Head of Department: Assoc. Prof. Dr. Ahmet BOZDAĞ
Public law or public law is the field of law that regulates the relations between the state and citizens or the state's own institutions. Its distinction from private law is not only a theoretical distinction, but is also important in terms of determining the court to be applied. Legal disputes between the state and citizens, which are the subject matter of public law, are resolved in administrative courts, not in courts of peace and courts of first instance, which are competent in private law disputes. Criminal law also falls within the field of public law since the authority to impose punishment belongs only to the state.
Various theories have been developed to determine whether a legal conflict is private or public:
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According to the interest theory, a legal dispute belongs to public law if it concerns the public interest.
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According to the theory of subordinate-superior relationship, a legal conflict belongs to public law if it is between two legal objects, one of which is superior to the other because of the state power it possesses.
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According to the private law theory, if the laws that are the subject of the legal dispute impose rights and duties not on all citizens, but only on a legal object that has state power, the dispute belongs to public law.
Public Law includes:
Constitutional law
Administrative law
Criminal law
Trial law
Execution and bankruptcy law
Public international law
Tax law